Bomb Huaisar (II)

By: Zoramchhana, Singapore
US chuan 1945 July 16 khan ‘Trinity’ tia code hming pein Alamogordo, New Mexico-ah implosion-type fission bomb a ti puak chhin ta dur a, khawvelah Uranium hmanga bomb siam chhuak hlawhtling hmasa ber an lo ni ta ani. Japan tukdawl nan Hiroshima leh Nagasaki ah a thlak zui ta a; he khaw hnih hi Nuclear bomb tuar hmasaber leh hnuhnung ber an la ni rih a; Nuclear bomb nei ram te chuan ‘hmang hmasatu’ ni loturin an intiam thin a, mahse, he bomb huaisar hian vawiinah pawh khawvel, ram leh ram inlaichinnaah nasa takin ro a rel zel a ni.

Nuclear bomb hlauhawmzia chu Hiroshima ah khan chiang takin khawvel in a hmu a, Uranium kg 64 rit lek hmanga siam khan, mi, a sing telin vawi-leh-khatah nuna an hloh tir thei mai bakah bomb puakin a hrin hrichhia leh engzung hlauhawm chitin avang chuan, cancer leh natna chi hrang hrang a thleng a, a hnuah mihring nuai hnih deuh thaw an boral bawk a ni.

Pa, Fapa leh Thlarauthianghlim hmuna Atom Bomb hmasaber an chhin(test) khan, a thiltihtheih rapthlakzia hmuin an hotupa (test director) Kenneth Bainbridge chuan “Now we are all sons of bitches” (Tunah chuan Ran nung hrin ang leka mi tlaktlai lo kan lo nih vek tak hi!(?)) tiin a rumrut a ni awm e, Bomb siam chhuaktu ber nia an puh thin J. Robert Oppenheimer pawhin kha tih laia a rilrua lo lang chu Hindu Puithiam pakhat thukhawchang ziak ‘I am become death, the destroyer of world’ (Thihna, Khawvel tih chhetu ka lo ni) tih a ni tiin a hnuah a sawi a.

Historian tamtak chuan Nuclear bomb hmang kher lo pawhin Japan kha a tlawm dawn tho tho niin an sawi; Imphal inbeihna atang khan British in Japan ho an hneh tan a, chu mi hnuah Kawlram atangin an um chhuak mek a ni, Japan ho an tawlh duai duai tih a chiang hle a. Chuti nisi engvanga Nuclear bomb hmang mai nge a nih? tih zawhna lian tak a awm a, ‘Russia in Japan a hnehlak hmaa Japan tlawm tir a, an mahni kut hnuaia dah a, democracy rama siam an tum’ tih hi mi tamtak rin dan chu a la ni zel a. Russia kut hnuaia a awm chuan Communist* rama siam a ni ngei dawn a; hei hi kha tih hun laia Europe-a Russia chetdan* khan a hril chiang hle a ni.

America ram chauhvin Nuclear ralthuam nei ta se, ngamtu an nei lovang a, khawvel hi a duh duh danin an kuai her mai dawn a ni. Mahse, Manhattan Project-ah khan British leh Canada scientists an tel tih kan sawi tawh a, he ram hnih pawh hian bomb siam dan thuruk enge maw chen an hre ngei ang a, British chuan October 2, 1952 khan a ma puala Nuclear Bomb a siam an ti puak chhin nghe nghe a ni. US leh British hi unau anga sawi thin niin, tang tlang tlat thin an ni a, mahse, Manhattan project scientist ho zingah USSR (Russia) chuan mi leh sa lo neiin Bomb siam dan thuruk te kha a lo hre ve kirker hi lo ni in! 1949 August 29 khan Atom bomb a chhin hlawhtlin thu a puang zui ve ta a.

Russia khan Atom bomb a siam hlawhtlin nan enthlatu (Atomic Spy*) te kha eng chen chiah nge a rinchhan? Tih hi hriat chian a harsa hle a, a nilo berah pawh khatih laia Russian Atomic scientists ho khan anmahni puala siam, hman tlak a nih leh nih loh, finfiah nan an hmang tangkai hle ang. Russia tana hnathawk Atomic spy, US in a hriat chhuah 10 te zinga pa 8 te kha Pathian hnamthlan Juda mi (Jewish-American) an ni tlat kha thilmak tak chu a ni ta ve bawk ang. Chutichuan, a bik takin US leh Russia inkarah, ralthuam siam intlansiakna a hluar zela Russia chuan Bomb zawng zawngte ‘Pu’ tur, Tsar Bomba tia a koh, Yield* 57,000 kiloton chu 1961 khan a ti puak chhin ta dum dum a nih kha! (American hovin Hiroshima-a an thlak kha Yield 15 kiloton a ni a)

Atom chakna hi Bomb siam nan chauh nilovin a muang zawng leh mihringte nitin khawsak nana tangkai chiin an hmang nasa hle a, electric tha lak chhuah hi a langsar ber awm e. Civilian Nuclear Technology an ti a. Electric tha pe chhuak tura khawl her vir nan lungalhthei emaw khawvantui hi hman tlangpui a ni a, mahse heng atanga carbon dioxide khu rawn chhuak hi tunlai khawvela vanboruak ti bawrhbangtu ber, green-house gas an tih hi a ni a; electric tha kan mamawh chhung chu sim theih a ni bawk si lo. Lungalhthei leh khawnvartui aiah kan sawi tak electric tha her chhuaktute khalh kal nan Atomic chakna hmang ta i la boruak bawrhhlawh lutuk hi a ziaawm ngei ang tih hi mithiam ten an lo hmu daih tawh a; Atomic tha atang chuan heng carbon dioxide ang chi side-effect khu chhia a chhuak ve lo va, mahse senso a hautakin a buaipuitu tur pawh thiamna sang tak nei mi thiau nih a ngai a.

France ram pumpuia an hman electric tha 75% khu Atomic chakna hmang Nuclear Power Plant atanga deh chhuah a ni. UNO chuan chutianga Atom chakna a him leh muang zawnga hman chungchanga mawhphurhna la turin International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) chu 1957 khan a din a, an thuvawn pawh “Atomic for Peace” tih a ni. Austria ram Vienna khawpuiah Head Quarters dah a ni a. IAEA hian khawvel ram ten Atomic tha an hman thuah khawl vuah dan a him leh him loh chungchang ang chi-ahte thurawn a pek bakah an hman tum dan; Damdawi lam, electric pek chhuah lam, bomb siam nan, etc. te endikin UN ah report a pe thin a ni.
Indopui pahnihna khan khawvel remna leh muanna vawng turin UNO a hring chhuak ngei a, mahse, US chuan zau thei ang bera Democracy zia darhzau tir a duh laiin, Soviet Union (Russia) chuan khawvel pumpui hi Communist a siam a lo tum ve khar mai a, ram chak leh ropuiber pahnih an in ep ta run mai a ni. Tharum nen in nuai chiah an hmabak tawh a, US chuan Canada leh Europe thlanglam Democracy ramte nen 1949 khan NATO tiin pawl a din a, Russia pawhin a then awm Europe chhak lam Communist ram 7 te nen intanpui tawn tura intiamna thuthlung an ziak a, Warsaw Pact tia hriat lar a ni.

NATO member te chuan an ‘Thuthlung’ angin Nuclear bomb te pawh a tul hunah in hman tawn theih a ni ngei ang a, mahse France chuan a ma pualin 1960 khan Nuclear bomb a test hlawhtling a, kum li hnuah China chuan a neih ve thu ‘ri’ in a tlangzarh ve bawk a. 1966 ah chuan France chu NATO atangin a chhuak zui nghal a; sipai chungchangah inzawmna nghet tak an nei zui zel thova, tunah hian luh a tum leh uih uih a ni.
Khawvel chuan Nuclear Bomb darhzau zel tur dan-din nan Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) a buatsaih a. 1970 atanga hman tan niin, he thuthlungah hian US, UK (England), USSR (Russia), France leh China te chu Nuclear ralthuam neiah a pawm a; Heng ramte hian an neih sa Nuclear ralthuamte chu ti tlem hret hreta paih fai vek tur tih an nih bakah bomb siam turin la neive lo ramte ‘engtiang kawng zawng pawhin’ a pui tur a ni lova, an Nuclear ralthuam hmangin la nei ve lo ram te kut a thlak hmasa tur a ni lo. Nuclear bomb la nei ve lo te pawhin neih tumin a phar buai tur a ni lo tih a ni. Ram tia chhiar theih zawng zawng te chuan intiamna hming an ziak a, mahse, India, Israel leh Pakistan ram chuan tul an ti lem lova, North Korea pawhin 2003 khan a hming ziak a thai reh a.

IAEA huam chhung atangin a him leh muang zawnga hman (Civilian Nuclear Technology) atan US leh Canada ten hmanrua, bawlhlo, sawngbawl dan (technology) tanpuina an pekte chu Vai hovin chi dang daihin an lo hmang a, 1974 May 18 ah meuh chuan ‘pa’(mushroom)* angin a lo par chhuak ta a, Smiling Buddha tia hming an pek, Nuclear Bomb a lo ni ta a. US leh Canada te chuan ‘nangma vang’ tiin an in puh ve ve, Canadian Nuclear FAQ website-ah chuan Vai ho Nuclear Bomb siamna Reserch Center hming kha ‘CIRUS’ a ni a, an khawl hman Heavy Water Reactor kha US hnen atanga an dawn a ni tiin a chuang a, CIRUS lampum chu ‘Canada-India Reactor Uranium System’ tihna a ni awm e. India hian U-235 hmang lovin U-238 a hmang a, chu chu Plutonium-239 a chantir phawta chu ta atanga bomb siam dan chi a hmang an ti a, Plotonium-base an ti thin a.

India Nuclear Bomb chhinna (test) chuan ‘miin a muang zawnga hman tur levela Uranium thlitfim atangin bomb siam nana hman tlak khawpa fimin a thianfai mai thei’ tih a nghawr lang ta a, khauh zawka Nuclear ralthuam darhzau tur ven dan an ngaihtuah a, Nuclear Supplier Groups (NSG) a lo piang ta a ni. NSG a tel ram 45 te hi nuclear siamna hlo Uranium lai chhuaktute an ni a, ‘NTP a hming ziak lo hnenah Uranium kan zuar tur a ni lo’ tih a in tiam hlawm a. Chulopawh Vaiho Bomb, Smiling Buddha, chuan URENCO an tih, UK(England), Germany leh Holland te tangruala din, Uranium silfai sa hralh tur thlitfimna hmuna thawk Pakistan Scientist Dr. A.Q. Khan pawh mu hlei thei lovin a siam a, in sum zo lovin Uranium sawngbawl dan te chu a ru chhuakin an ramah a tlanpui ta a ni. Chutichuan 1998 ah Pakistan pawhin Atomic Bomb a test ve un un bakah Iran, Libya leh North Korea te hnenah pawh a thil puak thei siamdan leh hmanraw then khat a zuar bawk a ni.
US chuan 1951 a Korea ram hnih buai atang khan 1991 thlengin NTP thuthlunga ‘Nuclear Bomb la nei ve lo te kut thlak nana hman loh tur’ tih bawhchhiain North Korea lam hawiin a Nuclear Bomb bun rocket tam tak a hung a. Hei hi North Korea pawhin Nuclear Bomb a siamna chhan ber niin a sawi mek a, 2006 khan leihnuaiah a test ve dut a, mi hauh luai luai maka ngai duh lovin 2009 ah a nawn leh bawk a.

Kum 2006 khan US chuan India nen Nuclear chungchanga thawhhona tur an duang a, India in Bomb a siam vanga NSG ten Uranium lei tir an phal loh chu tih tawp niin, a sawngbawl dan changkang zawk pawh US hnen atangin a dawng thei tawh dawn a ni. A man atan a Nuclear khawl 22 zinga pa 14 chu IAEA enthlakna hnuaiah a dah ang a, a dang pa 8 chu a ma puala Reaserch beih nan a hmang zui zel ang a, Nuclear Bomb siama a test leh a nih chuan, an thawhhona tih tawp hmiah a ni ang tih a ni.

India hian kum 2020 ah chuan Nuclear chakna atangin electric tha 20,000 MegaWatts* hman theih a tum niin an sawi a. Chu tih hunah chuan New Delhi khawpui, Janak Puri Veng lam pawhin power neih loh vanga tui pump thei lo, inbualna tur sawi loh eirawngbawlna tur takngial pawh tui nei daih lo tih vel hi a bo tawh ang. India sorkar hmalakna atanga rawn piang chhuak, US nen Civilian Nuclear Technology thawhhona, 123 Agreement an tih, kha India Parliament-ah duh leh duh lo vote lak a ni a, Bangalore-a Burma atanga kal Tlangmi Bible sikul zirlaite lo tanpui thintu, eptu BJP party MP, Pu HT Sangliana chuan sorkar dinglai Congress lamah vote pein ‘Duh’ a lo thlang a, BJP party atanga ban a ni zui ta a. Kha kha Nuclear chungchanga Mizo ten kan hnimhnaih ber tum a ni mai awm mang e? Israel rama pem Mizo-Jews te tiam lovin.

Israel hian Nuclear Bomb 75 atanga 400 inkar a kawl rin a ni. A test thu hriat a ni lova, official hi vawi khat mah a la puang chhuak lo bawk. French leh British te puihnain Nuclear Reactor a nei ngei a, 1967 a thenawm Arab ho nen Ni 6 indona an beih lai khan a tlemberah pahnih a kawl ran tawh rin a ni. Khawvelin chiang taka a hriatna awm chhun chu an Nuclear Bomb siamna hmuna thawktawh thin (technician) Mordechai Vanunu-a’n London chhuak Sunday Times chanchinbu hnena Israel Nuclear chungchang a phawrh chhuah vek kha a ni a, October 5, 1986 a pho lan a ni a. Vanunu hnen atanga thu dawn tanchhana chhutin mithiam te chuan Israel hian Atom bomb pangai Fission-type aia a let za tam taka chak, Fusion-type an tih Thermonuclear Weapon (Hydrogen Bomb emaw H-Bomb an tih bawk) an siam chhuah tawh hial an ring a ni. Atom Bomb pangai Fission leh Fusion type hi bomb pakhat chhunga dahin, Fission-type chu Fusion type nghawr puaktu atana hman a ni. Atom bomb hi Hydrogen bomb ti puaktu, a kep, tihna a ni.
Heng bomb hlauhawm te hi kan hriatpawlh loh nan ti hian sawifiah tum I la:
Weapon of Mass Destruction (WMD) an tih hi a ruala mihring leh thiltamtak suat thei ralthuam hlauhawm sawina a ni a, chi 4 a then a ni thin.
1. Biological (Natna phur chi)
2. Chemical (tur-poison- phur chi)
3. Nuclear (tuna kan sawi mek)
4. Radiological (zung hlauhawm phur, nuclear hlo ek-chhia atanga siam) – te an ni a.
WMD symbol

Sawifiah kan tum mek Nuclear ralthuam hi chi 2 a then a ni leh a, 1. Fission leh 2. Fusion type tiin.
1. Fission-type (Atom bomb): Hlawm 2 a then a ni leh a,
- Uranium 235 hmanga siam (Hiroshima-a an thlak ang chi, Gun-type an ti bawk)
- Plutonium 239 hmanga siam (Nagasaki-a an thlak ang chi, Expulsion-type an ti bawk)

2. Fusion-type (Hydrogen bomb):
- Hydrogen isotopes (Deuterium leh Tritium) hmanga siam a ni. Zau zawkin kan thlir zel ang a:

Mahnia nihna nei thilte ber, Atom, keh atanga chakna (energy) lo chhuak nghah chhanin Atom bomb siamthu kan sawi teuh tawh a, hmanrua atan Atom keh awlsam ber Uranium hman a ni bawk. Mahse, mithiamte chuan tih ‘keh’ aia chakna sawrchhuak dan na zawk an hmu chhuak a, chu chu belh (Fusion) a ni daih thung. Hydrogen Atom pahnih an in belhbawm tir theih chuan Noble Gas an tih Helium a lo chhuak ang a, chakna nasa tak a lo per chhuak bawk ang tih a ni. Heihi Albert Einstein-a E=mc2 nen a inmil chiah* a; Ni khian chakna (eng) a chhuak theihna chhan pawh chatlak lovin Atom te Fusion hmang hian an in belhbawm puak awn awn mai a, Ni khi chu mi alh hlawmpui chu a ni awm e. Fusion bomb atan hian Hydrogen an hman avangin Hydrogen Bomb (H-Bomb) an ti thin a.

Hydrogen zawng zawng a hman mai theih lova, a chi-peng (isotope) zinga Deuterium leh Tritium te chauh Fusion a tan hman an ni a. Hydrogen hian englai pawhin proton pa 1 chauh a nei a; Element thliar nan proton neihzat en a ni thin tih kan sawi tawh a, proton pa 1 nei a nih loh chuan Hydrogen nilovin Element dang a ni tihna a ni a. Chuvangin, Hydrogen chhungkua a mi Deuterium Atom pawh hian proton pa 1 a nei a, chu chu neutron pa 1 nen a laiah (nucleus-ah) an in char a 2H tiin an sawi thin. Tritium hian proton pa 1 leh neutron pa 2 a nei thung a, Hydrogen chhungkuaa mi ve tho a nih avangin, a lam tawi H, a laia particle pa 3 – proton 1+2 neutron – a awm avangin 3H an ti a. He mi te pahnih hi an inkawp – Fusion – tir chiah a, proton 2 leh neutron pa 2, 4He an tih Helium (Noble Gas) ah a lo chang a, neutron pa 1 leh chakna (energy) a a per chhuak bawk a ni.

Chakna per chhuak chu engvang nge a nat viau? Deuterium leh Tritium ni ve ve tura thuambettu ‘chakna’ aiin, an inkawp atanga a thar lo chhuak, Helium, ni tura hlawmkhawmtu ‘chakna’ chu a let sang tam takin a tlem avangin ‘chakna’ a bang teuh a, heihi Fusion atanga ‘chakna’ lo ‘sa’ chhuak kan tih chu a ni. Atom thar lo piang hian chakna tam tak a mamawh lova, a pe chhuak ta teuh tihna a ni.

Deuterium leh Tritium te hi (+) charge ve ve an ni a, hun pangngaiah chuan an in hnaih thei lova, a pa ve ve na nana chu anmahnia ‘chakna’ awm chuan a kam hlat tlat a. Chuvangin inkawpa isotope dang, Helium, siam tur chuan an-in-do-hlat-tirtu chakna aia nasa zawkina an nawr hnaih a ngai a ni. Hetiang lo awm tur hian, Bomb pakhat chhungah Fusion hlo (Deuterium leh Tritium thlitfim) te chu an dah a, a bulah Uranium emaw Plotonium hmanga siam Fission hlo (Atom bomb)an dah bawk a, Atom bomb an ti puak ta a, ‘chakna’ nasa tak lo chhuak chuan Deuterium leh Tritium te chu a nawr kawp-belh-bawm-tir ta a, Helium a lo changing, Atom tin te chuan a chunga kan sawi Helium in a mamawh loh, chakna bang, chak tak a lo chhuak a, chain-reaction (Deuterium leh Tritium hlawm chhunga Atom te chu in-kah-puk-chaw kual vekin) lo awmin, ‘chakna’ rura em em a lo puak chhuak ta a ni. Fusion bomb ti buak tur chuan Atom bomb pangngaia tlir a ngai a, a kep an tih na chhan a ni awm e.

Nuclear bomb invuah dan, relbawl dan dik tak hi official-a phawrh lan a ni ngai lova, a hmuna thawktawh thin te, scientist te sawi chhuah emaw te hi vangtlang mipuite hriat theihna awm chhun a ni a, Fusion bomb hi Edward Teller leh Stanislaw Ulam te putu duan chhuah nia hriat a nih avangin Teller-Ulam Design bomb tih te pawhin an sawi thin a ni.

Pakistan leh North Korea tih loh, Nuclear Bomb nei ram dang zawng chuan he Fusion-type, Hydrogen Bomb, hi an nei vek tawh nia hriat a ni a; India tel in. Fusion-type siamna hlo chi khat Tritium hi a vang em em a, Heavy Water-Moderate Reactor nen kum khat chhungin, tui ton 2500 a ta man tum ta I la, kg 2 leh a chanve lek kan hmu ang tih a ni. Chutih lain Deuterium hi chu Hydrogen Atom 6500 zelah pa khat ang hu vel a lo tel zel a; Tui hi Hydrogen leh Oxygen inpawlh tih kan sawi tawh a, Hydrogen chhungkua (isotope) a mi Tritium leh Deuterium te hi ‘tui’ atanga lak chhuah theih a ni a.

‘Tuma a awm chuan kawng a lo awm zel’ a, lung pangai (rock) ah hian Litiam a lo tel reng mai a, chu chu neutron nen kap phel ta I la, Tritium leh Helium a lo chhuak tih hmuh chhuah a ni zel a. Chuti chuan, nitin kan khawih leh kan chhehvela awm ‘tui leh lung’ hmangin mite chuan bomb hlauhawm ber an siam thei a ni. Fusion atanga lo chhuak chakna chhutin, a muangzawngin hmang ta I la, tui um 2 leh lung kuttum tiat pa 2 lek hian chhungkaw khat, kum 1 chhung ngawt electric tha chawm thei khawp tur Lithium leh Deuterium a pai ani an ti thin; lak chhuah vek theih leh theih loh chu thuhran nise. He Fusion theory hmang a, Hydrogen atanga, chakna sawr chhuah hi nakin huna power atan khawvartui, gas leh lungmeihawl te thlaktutur rinchhan tlak awm chhun niin an sawi thin a, Uranium angin tur hlauhawm a pai ve lova, zawn hmuh a awlsam zawk bawk a ni. Europe scientist tangrual chuan kum 2030 ah khian Fusion hmang electric khawl din chhuah theih an tum a ni.
Thulakna: Wikipedia, Youtube, Nitin chhuak chanchinbu te leh Website tam tak.
Thlalak: Wikipedia.
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Communist*: Sawrkar kalhmang chi khat, ram chhung mipuiten neih zawng zawng intawm a, sum hmuh zawng zawng sorkar hnenah pek vek. Sumdawnna leh thil siamna zawng zawng sorkar kut hnuaia awmin, sorkarna chelhtu mi tlemtein mipuite than rualna tur anga sawi a, thuneihna vuan tlat chi. Thuneitu leh an ngaihdan kalh apiang te chunga rawng taka che thin.

Russia chetdan*: Indopui II na zawh dawn khan, Germany ram lak (Europe chhak lam) atangin German ho a um chhuak a, Communist sorkarna siamsakin a thuhnuaiah a dah zel a.

Atomic Spy*: Hitlar-a’n a ram thenawm te a nghirngho lai khan Scientist leh mithiam tam tak, himna zawngin ram hrang hrangah an tlan a, US khan a mi khual hnem ber awm e. Manhattan Project-ah pawh khan Russia rim nam, Europe chhak lam atanga German hlauva US a raltlan tam tak a tel tih a ni. Russia tan enthlatua sawm theih mual mual an lo awm ngei a.

Morris Cohen-a te nupa kha Atomic Spy lar ber an ni awm e. Russia newspaper pakhat Komsomolskaya Pravda chuan “Cohen-a hnenah lawmthu awm rawh se, Russia Atomic bomb siamtuten Los Alamos (USA) laboratory atangin lehkha pawimawh thahnem tak an dawng e” tiin a lo chhuah vel a ni awm e. He mite nupa hian an thih thlengin Russia ho hnena an hlan, Nuclear Bomb relbawldan lehkha hlu, an dawnna scientist hming an sawi chhuak lo va.

Yield*: A darhsarh nasatzia tehna ti mai I la.

Nuclear bomb power tehna atan Yield an hmang thin a, bomb pangai TNT puak nak lam nena khaikhinna a ni. Hiroshima-a an thlak kha Yield 15 kiloton anga ngaih a ni a, kilo tih hi 1000 tihna a ni a, 15 kiloton chu sang khat hlir sawmpanga – 15000 – tihna a ni ang chu. Chuvangin Hiroshima ti chhetu Little Boy kha TNT ton 15000 a rit ti puak I la chu nen chuan a puak nat lam a in hem ang tihna a ni awm e. (1 ton= 2000 pound=907 kg)
Pa(mushroom)*: Nuclear Bomb a puah in chunglamah a khu a zam luih thin a, chu chuan leihnuai a rawn hup leh thin a ni. Ral atanga thlirin ‘pa’ kung a ang thei hle.
20,000 MegaWatt*: Tuna India rampumpui electric tha hmanzat hi 147,000 MegaWatt a ni.

Ps.. Go to www.BOMB-HUAISAR(I)